ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Association of polymorphic variants of ACE and BDKRB2 with heart rate variability in athletes of the Republic of Karelia

Kolomeichuk SN1, Alekseev RV2, Putilov AA3, Meigal AYu2
About authors

1 Laboratory of Genetics, Institute of Biology,
KarRC RAS, Petrozavodsk, Russia

2 Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Pathophysiology and Histology, Medical Institute,
Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russia

3 Research Group for Math-Modeling of Biomedical Systems,
Research Institute for Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia

Correspondence should be addressed: Sergey Kolomeichuk
ul. Nevskogo, d. 50, Petrozavodsk, Russia, 185910; ur.relbmar@kuhcyemolok_yegres

About paper

Funding: this work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises (the Umnik program) and the state-funded Project No. 0221-2014-0034.

Acknowledgements: the authors thank Olga Fedorenko, CSc, of the Institute of Biology, KarRC RAS, for her valuable comments.

Contribution of the authors to this work: Kolomeichuk SN — analysis of literature, research planning, data collection, analysis, and interpretation, drafting of a manuscript; Alekseev RV — selection of athletes, participation in collection of data about heart rate variability, statistical processing and discussion, research planning, data analysis and interpretation, drafting of a manuscript; Putilov AA — data analysis and interpretation, drafting of a manuscript; Meigal AYu — research planning, participation in collection of data about heart rate variability, statistical processing and discussion.

Received: 2017-08-25 Accepted: 2017-10-29 Published online: 2017-10-30
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This work aims to study distribution of allele frequencies of the ACE and BDKRB2 genes coding for the angiotensin-converting enzyme and the bradykinin receptor β2, respectively, in athletes specializing in different sports and to establish the associations between the studied genotypes and heart rate variability. The study included 75 male athletes. Polymorphisms of ACE and BDKRB2 (I/D and +9/−9, respectively) were studied by PCR. A significant difference was revealed in the 9/9 genotype frequency between the studied groups of athletes. Parasympathetic nerve activity prevailed in the athletes with the I allele of the ACE gene. Time-domain parameters of heart rate variability had low values in the carriers of the D/D genotype. In the athletes with the ACE I/I genotype the time-domain parameters differed from those typical for the I/D and D/D genotype carriers. Participants homozygous for BDKRB2 had the lowest heart rate in the studied sample, implying an increased contribution of parasympathetic activity to heart rate regulation. The 9 allele of BDKRB2 was found to be associated with the minimal R — R interval between consecutive hear beats. We conclude that polymorphisms I/D of ACE and +9/−9 of BDKRB2 can indicate individual patterns of heart rate regulation in athletes from the Republic of Karelia.

Keywords: genetic polymorphism, heart rate variability, training, sport specialization, ACE, BDKRB2

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