Decrease of child population, the rise in the incidence in general, including respiratory diseases, indicate the need for the detailed study of peculiarities of children's morbidity in this group and factors conditioning the formation of adverse health outcomes. There were examined 1257 children, analyzed the level and structure of their diseases, there were studied the main characteristics of the medical activity of parents and children. That allowed to identify the most important risk factors of morbidity. The resulting data formed the basis for the development of measures to improve the health of children with adverse health outcomes. The implementation of the recommendations provided an opportunity to positively change medical behavior of patents and improve the health of children.